The religious systems found in Indonesia are comprised of a wide
variety of beliefs with 90% of the population claiming to be Muslim.
Indonesia is considered to be the largest Muslim country in the world;
however, the Islam of Indonesia contains a myriad of current of beliefs
(“aliran”), each with a slightly different set of beliefs and practices.
There are also groups who practice forms of Buddhism, Hinduism, Greek
Paganism and Shamanistic Animism. Christianity is not foreign to
Indonesia either with various protestant denominations practiced as well
as Roman Catholicism. There also exists a set of practices common to
many of the religious currents” (“aliran keagamaan”) which includes
patterns of fasting, ascetic labor, communal meals, prayer for the dead,
and the keeping of relics.
Indonesia does not have a state religion but there is a legal system
to regulate varying beliefs. The State recognizes only 6 faith
categories and each religion must fall under one of these in order to be
legally practiced. These categories include:
The religious systems found in Indonesia are comprised of a wide
variety of beliefs with 90% of the population claiming to be Muslim.
Indonesia is considered to be the largest Muslim country in the world;
however, the Islam of Indonesia contains a myriad of current of beliefs
(“aliran”), each with a slightly different set of beliefs and practices.
There are also groups who practice forms of Buddhism, Hinduism, Greek
Paganism and Shamanistic Animism. Christianity is not foreign to
Indonesia either with various protestant denominations practiced as well
as Roman Catholicism. There also exists a set of practices common to
many of the religious currents” (“aliran keagamaan”) which includes
patterns of fasting, ascetic labor, communal meals, prayer for the dead,
and the keeping of relics.
Indonesia does not have a state religion but there is a legal system
to regulate varying beliefs. The State recognizes only 6 faith
categories and each religion must fall under one of these in order to be
legally practiced. These categories include:
- Islam
- Protestan
- Chatolic
- Hindu
- Budha
- Kong Ho Cu
Prior to the arrival of the Abrahamic faiths of
Christianity and Islam, the popular belief systems in the
region were thoroughly influenced by Dharmic religious
philosophy through Hinduism and Buddhism. These religions were
brought to Indonesia around the 2nd and 4th centuries, respectively, when
Indian traders arrived on the islands of Sumatra, Java and Sulawesi, bringing their religion.
Hinduism of Shaivite traditions started
to develop in Java in the fifth century AD. The traders also established
Buddhism in Indonesia which developed further in the following century and a
number of Hindu and Buddhist influenced kingdoms were established, such as Kutai, Srivijaya, Majapahit, and Sailendra.[11] The world's
largest Buddhist monument, Borobudur,
was built by the Kingdom of Sailendra and around the same time, the Hindu
monument Prambanan was also built.
The peak of Hindu-Javanese civilisation was the Majapahit Empire in the
fourteenth century, described as a golden age in Indonesian history.[12]
Indonesia
religions map
The Portuguese introduced
Catholicism to Indonesia, notably to the island of Flores and to what was to become East Timor.[13] Protestantism was first
introduced by the Dutch in the sixteenth century with Calvinist and Lutheran influences.
Animist areas in eastern Indonesia, on the other hand, were the main focus
Dutch conversion efforts, including Maluku, North Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Papua
and Kalimantan. Later,
Christianity spread from the coastal ports of Borneo and missionaries arrived among
the Torajans on Sulawesi. Parts
of Sumatra were also targeted, most notably the Batak
people, who are predominantly Protestant today.[14]
Significant changes in religion aspect also
happened during the New
Order era.[15] Following an
abortive coup in 1965 officially blamed on the Communist Party of Indonesia, around 1/2 million were killed
in an anti-communist purge.[16] Following the
incident, the New Order government had tried to suppress the supporters of PKI,
by applying a policy that everyone must choose a religion, since PKI supporters
were mostly atheists.[15] As a result,
every Indonesian citizen was required to carry personal identification cards
indicating their religion. The policy resulted in a mass religion conversions,
topped by conversions to Protestantism and Catholicism (Christianity).[15] The same
situation happened with Indonesians with Chinese
ethnicity, who mostly were Confucianists.
Because Confucianism was not one of
the state recognised religions, many Chinese Indonesians were also converted to
Christianity.[15]
Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Indonesia
my document
Postingan
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar